For the Asteraceae Gerbera flowers are perennial herb, is one of the famous cut. Native South Africa, likes the cool, light and ventilation climate. Its huge flowers, up to 10 centimeters in diameter faceplate; color rich, tall flowers, flower stalks more than 40 cm long, flower arrangement, long life, there are The cost of protecting land under cultivation can be anniversary flowers, and cut high in the annual supply of cut flowers to warm regions, usually flowers per plant can produce 25 or more. Now its cultivation techniques as outlined below:
First, the growth of South African origin Gerbera
environment, hi warm in winter, cool in summer, air circulation, sunny environment, requiring loose and fertile, well drained , rich in humus, deep soil, slightly acidic sandy loam. Not sensitive to the length of sunshine, the best development of flowers in bright light, a little shade, can flower stalk of grass is longer, more favorable to the mining cut. Growing season temperature for 20-25 ℃, 26 ℃ during the day does not exceed the growth environment can be annual flowering. Optimum temperature for the winter rest period 12-15 ℃, less than 7 ℃ stop growing. Cold is not strong, except in southern China were not exposed to outside winter. Currently, gerbera and more use of tissue culture, may also stem, tiller, seed propagation.
II hi gerbera planting
slightly acidic, loose, breathable, full of soil fertility. Therefore, preparation of planting beds should be selected over at least 35 cm deep soil, loose and fertile soil, rich in organic matter, slightly acidic or neutral sandy loam soil for colonization.
Shizujifei before planting, soil preparation was applied with the full maturity of the manure or other fermented organic fertilizer. Basal fertilizer per 100 square meters generally can be added to the superphosphate and 20 kg of manure composting. In order to make the soil loose, add mushroom residue or decomposition of the sawdust. All fertilizer and planting beds should be thoroughly mixed soil tillage, make a furrow in the form of a ridge, ridge width of 40 cm, 30 cm wide ditch, plant colonization on the ridge, double staggered planting, plant spacing of 25 cm. Can Zuoqi greenhouse cultivation, Qimian 1.2 meters wide stretch of 25 cm high soil for at least 35 cm. 3 rows per plot planting, staggered planting, spacing and 30 cm, a shed of about 1000 species.
serious if cropping terraces, planting time before transplanting in the use of
planting to be cloudy or sunny evening appropriate. In addition to the summer high temperature of 7-9 months should not be planted, the rest of the time can be carried out.
shallow planting be sure to plant so that appropriate root of the neck Shaolu excavated surface after planting in the ditch irrigation, some drenched head over water. If the root collar buried in the soil surface, the root of the neck of the growing point will be buried in the soil, the leaves and flower buds in the growth process must be bursting out of the soil surface soil, impeded growth, rate of flower production and cut flower quality, and easily lead to rotting roots. Application of just planting shade net shade plants.
Third,Discount UGG boots, after planting the management
1
. Relatively cold temperature
gerbera, iron arch greenhouse cultivation, in the winter layer of plastic film sealed 2-3 safe winter, and to better growth, flower yield little effect on. The first frost in late October before the onset of cover layer of plastic, in November of each plot in the small ring on the shelf to take the heat, before the arrival of cold weather in the greenhouse and shed a layer of plastic film between the seal again, or directly in the small ring shelf seal straws, so that the insulation facilities can remain at 2-3 ℃ shed more than has been observed, outdoor minimum temperature of -7 ℃, the canopy can be maintained l ℃, and gerbera no frost damage. 6-9 months 50% of available shade net shade cool. Gerbera optimal growth temperature of 20-25 ℃, the soil temperature is 16-19 ℃ most favorable to root growth. Maintained at 15 ℃ in winter to over the summer does not exceed 26 ℃, can bloom all year round.
2. Light, although the growth of gerbera
not sensitive to light, but for the happy light flowers require sunlight, adequate light, its leaves grow strong, upright flower stalk, bright color. Therefore, gerbera need full sunlight in winter, but summer should pay attention to proper shade, and increase ventilation to reduce the temperature to prevent heat induced dormancy.
3. Dressing management of water to drought without
Gerbera moisture, avoid water. After planting seedlings should be kept moist and Dunmiao appropriate to promote root development, rapid seedling. Vigorous growth of wet and dry soil conditions during the video is scheduled, do not quit pouring, pouring the drenched and maintain adequate water supply. Winter watering as little as possible, the soil to dry slightly more as well,UGGs, as winter mulch, plant bed, slow evaporation, such as watering and more, will make the greenhouse air humidity is too large, with poor ventilation performance, easy to plant mildew, and aphids breed. Fast evaporation in summer may be more than adequate water and fertilizer were combining to promote root absorption of fertilizer. Whenever water in the water when the heart is best to avoid wet foliage plants, flower buds to prevent decay. Coat for the whole plant Gerbera, especially in the young leaves and small buds on the more dense hair, such as the stained water, the water can not evaporate, often lead to rotten leaf buds and heart.
fertilizer perennial flowers gerbera to joy. Gerbera as long as within the range of 5-30 ℃ annual flowering. Domestic demand in the whole growth period and thus a large amount of fertilizer, fertilizer Gerbera nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 15:18:25. Should pay special attention to add potash fertilizer. From seedling to flower bud differentiation, at least 15 leaves to keep out high-quality flowers, such as leaves reach 15 to flowering, flower quality of such low value of the goods is not high, and the impact on plant development, so flower bud before application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer to promote plant leaves sufficient to satisfy the need of vegetative growth. General acre (667 square meters), to the small buds. Plants into the vegetative growth and reproductive growth period and thus, should increase the P, K ratio. General acre (667 square meters) Chong Shi Flowering period in the growth of leaves should always observe the situation,cheap UGG boots, the amount of attention is not too much nitrogen fertilizer, or plant growth, excessive lush leaves, flower number may not be pumping more will not only increase the labor required to regularly pick leaves, while leaves, excessive overlapping leaves, light and ventilation is poor, to create the conditions for the occurrence of pests and diseases. 4-6 months and 9-11 in the two months before the peak flowering foliar spray as appropriate -3000 10-times 15 days time, to meet the needs of reproductive growth. In the fertilization process, must be in a
If the plants caused by high temperature or low temperature half-sleep state, stop fertilizing.
4. Cultivator and the Abstract of Gerbera like loose leaf
soil aeration, scarification should always increase the permeability of the soil, the soil top-dressing before each tillage to facilitate root absorption of nutrients, after watering should be immediately a little dry loose soil. Be sure not to loose soil in the buds of earth pressure on the young buds. Gerbera for the anniversary of the flowering plants, the reproductive growth and vegetative growth in hand, side flower leaf edge. Leaves too much, not only affects the quantity and quality of flowers and plants affect light and ventilation, prone to pests and diseases, so a reasonable pick in the leaf growth period can not only coordinate the growth of vegetative growth and reproductive relations, but also enhance the ventilation plant , so that the heart leaves and flower buds of full sunlight, well-developed. Abstract must be based on plant leaves when the growth of their own situation. Ensure that each line in each pair of 3-4 ramets remain on the basis of functional leaves, put off the diseased leaves, yellow leaves and flowers have been taken out of that piece of old leaves. Crowding in the same direction the overlapping leaves remove the excess. Be careful not to hurt when picking off leaves little bud.
5. Gerbera Pest Control
diseases are the main spot, powdery mildew, virus diseases, gray mold, rot mildew, blight and crown rot disease. Most of the disease is caused by a bacteria carried by the soil and, therefore, should try to culture medium by the time of soil preparation for disinfection, avoid cropping, shallow planting, spraying fungicide on a regular basis cultivation and management techniques such as strict control.
disease should be on prevention, seedling to start using
leaf spot can be 70% of the thiophanate-methyl WP 800-1000 times or 50% carbendazim WP 500 times spraying.
powdery mildew can be 1500 times thiophanate methyl 70% or 75% of Triadimefon WP 1000-1200 times to control them once every 7-10 days, and even spray 2-3 times.
virus vaccine into the customs control should be strict and timely control aphids, virus transmission to reduce the media, that the timely removal and destruction of diseased plants.
Gerbera pests are mites, tarsal line mites,UGG boots clearance, bollworm, tobacco budworm, beet leaf moth, aphids and so on. Especially the spider mite damage, and found that one should take immediate measures to control, and in severe throughout the terraces, the victim curled leaves, hard brittle, stretch does not open, lost ornamental value. This bug occurred in the high temperature air-drying of the month, should increase the air humidity, increase ventilation, spider mites, mites can be 40% of tarsal line 1000 times for control of dicofol. 2.5% used other pests or 40% of deltamethrin times to prevent and treat Omethoate 1000-1500, 7 days time, and even spray 3 times, but have an adverse effect on flower color, flowering should not be used.
IV. harvest maturity of gerbera flowers a great impact on its water absorption, water absorption of young poor flowers. Plant growth at harvest requires strong, upright flower stalk of grass, flowers, carried out. Optimum harvest flowers flowers at the periphery of the tongue should be flat petals, the inner circle tubular flowers open 2-3 laps, the outer flowers shed pollen when the harvest began. Usually in the evening, the best harvest, harvest and plant should be shortened from the flower stalk internode at the base of broken stalks must not be broken, or reduce the life of cut flowers and plants on the left half of the stalk occurs mildew, induced disease , cut a great impact on the merits of the quality of the vase life of cut flowers, plants should not wilt or night in the semi-closed state flower Cut flowers. Postharvest flower inserted immediately ordered water in the water, and grading, preservation, packaging after market.
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